Summary
- A bunion (Hallux Valgus) is a common foot condition associated with a prominent bump on the inside of the forefoot as a result of deformity of the big toe.
- Can become inflamed if rubs on shoes.Can be genetic in nature.
- Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can be risk factors.
- More common in women who wear tighter, narrower shoes with increased heel height.
Diagnostic tips
- Establish if it is the joint is painful, or if the footwear is painful.
- There may be pain under the 2nd metatarsal head.
- Redness, swelling, and stiffness around the joint.
- Difficulty walking and standing.
- Severe bunion deformities may have minimal symptoms while mild bunion deformities may have significant symptoms.
- Symptoms exacerbated by uncomfortable, restrictive shoe wear.
- Family history of bunion, flatfoot deformity, significant clawing of toes is risk factor.
Tests and Imaging
- Blood test to exclude gout.
- Clinical examination.
- X-ray evaluates the extent of the deformity and the degree of arthritis within the joint.
Immediate Treatment
- Analgesia.
- Advise appropriate and properly fitted shoes.
Possible Referral
- Podiatry for advice on padding, strapping, night splints, interdigital wedge, orthotics, footwear modification.
- Orthopaedic foot surgeon.